In new residential construction, HVAC systems and ductwork are most commonly installed in attics – especially in the sun belt states. Although this is an age-old practice that is followed by many, it’s honestly a bad idea. Why?
Risk #1: HVAC systems have to work harder Attics experience extreme temperature fluctuations, with temperatures soaring above 130°F in the summer, and dropping below freezing in winter. This forces HVAC systems to work much harder, leading to higher energy consumption, increased utility bills, and reduced overall efficiency. These inefficiencies can negatively impact home value, making properties less attractive to buyers.
Risk #2: Inconsistent indoor temperatures
Attic ducts can cause inconsistent indoor temperatures, leading to discomfort and increased complaints from homeowners. In humid climates, attic-installed HVAC systems can foster mold growth due to condensation, posing serious health risks to occupants.
Risk #3: Poor indoor air quality
Additionally, attic ducts can draw in dust, insulation fibers, and other contaminants, degrading indoor air quality and potentially causing respiratory issues. This can lead to unwanted and expensive legal liabilities for builders.
Risk #4: Difficult to service and maintain
Maintenance is more difficult and costly in attics. With systems experiencing premature wear and tear, the likelihood of system failures increases, while the ease of maintenance decreases.
Risk #5: OSHA concerns and HVAC contractor safety
There are several OSHA concerns for contractors installing HVAC and ductwork in residential attics during construction. These include fall hazards from unstable surfaces or improper ladder use, heat stress from working in hot environments, respiratory risks from dust and insulation, and potential electrical hazards from exposed wiring. Attics may also present confined space dangers due to poor ventilation, and workers are prone to ergonomic strain from awkward positions. Proper safety measures, including fall protection, heat management, respiratory protection, and electrical safety procedures are essential to ensure compliance with OSHA regulations.
So, while there may be initial cost savings when placing HVAC systems and ductwork in attics, these savings are overshadowed by risks. Installing HVAC systems in conditioned spaces ensures better energy efficiency, comfort, safety and health for homeowners, while protecting the builder’s reputation and bottom line.